Cytokines are signalling proteins that help control immune responses in your body. In a healthy person, your body’s cells automatically produce and release cytokines when they sense a threat.
You can think of cytokines as chemical messengers that tell your cells how to behave (how to fight and repair the different parts of your body).
Cytokine production orchestrates the complex multicellular interactions between pancreatic beta β cells and immune cells. Problems with these complex interactions result in varying levels of destruction to insulin-producing β cells.
Once the β cells become damaged, over time, the pancreas stops producing enough insulin to meet the body’s needs; resulting in type one diabetes (T1D).